Purpose: This study is to confirm the factor structure of the emotional self-efficacy scale and to validate it, and to examine its relationship with sports participation of university students. Methods: The subjects were 639 university students. The emotional self-efficacy scale developed by Kirk et al. (2008) was translated. The Rasch model was applied to secure the validity of the items and the unfit items were eliminated. In order to obtain the factor structure based on the previous research and theory, a new attempt was made to use a random sampling of SPSS and to perform exploratory factor analysis several times. Using this factor structure confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Results: ESES-K(Korean Version of Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale) is composed of 4 factors with 19 items: 4 items for managing your own emotion, 7 items for understanding others' emotion, 4 items for understanding your own emotion and 4 items for dealing with others' emotion. In all factors of emotional self-efficacy, male students had emotional self-efficacy higher than female students, and sports participation students had it higher than non-participation students, but only the factor for dealing with others' emotion in gender groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: ESES-K can be a scale which can measure emotional self-efficacy of university students reasonably and sports participation of university students is suggested as a way to improve emotional self-efficacy.

Purpose: Evidences are supported executive function affected by acute aerobic exercise, thus, very few researches are focused on age of adolescent especially high school level. This study aim to investigate effect of acute aerobic exercise on executive function based on Stroop task. Methods: 15 of 1st and 2nd year high school adolescent (6 boys, 9 girls) were participated in this research. Based on with-in subject design, all participants were asked to perform Stroop task on 2 days following exercise or rest condition. The conditions were assigned in random. Exercise condition was consisted of 5min worm up - 20min moderate aerobic exercise - 5min cool down. The date were analyzed with condition × time repeated measure two-way ANOVA. Results: Main effect and interaction effect of aerobic exercise on Stroop Word and Stroop Color, and Stroop Color-Word was significant. Main effect of exercise on Stroop Color-Ward was larger then other tests. Conclusion: Result of Stroop Word and Stoop Color revealed that acute moderate aerobic exercise effect on information processing speed. Stroop Color-Word results support that acute moderate aerobic exercise effect on Stroop interference effect which reflects executive function. It is necessary to add more executive function related measures for the future research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise participation related variables on subjective health, attitude toward own aging, and life satisfaction in older adults. Methods: Using 166 older adults’ data from the survey, t-test and multiple regression analysis were conducted to identify the effect of exercise participation related variables on subjective health, attitude toward own aging, and life satisfaction. In addition, path analysis was conducted to the hypotheses. Results: The results were as follows: First, Exercise participation was associated with subjective health and the period of exercise participation predicted subjective health, attitude toward own aging and life satisfaction. Second, the hypothetical model among variables showed reasonable model fit. Third, the relationship between the period of exercise participation and attitude toward own aging was mediated by subjective health, but the relationship between the period of exercise participation and life satisfaction was not mediated by subjective health and attitude toward own aging. Conclusion: This study identified the effect of exercise participation related variables on subjective health, attitude toward own aging, and life satisfaction in older adults. Also, this study ascertained the relationship between the period of exercise participation, subjective health, attitude toward own aging and life satisfaction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study aimed to investigate if mood states (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion) and physiological states (blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose, body fat, lean body mass) change after seven-day weight reduction. Method: A total of twenty four male judo players participated in this study and were randomly assigned to either experimental group or control group. The data obtained from each measure were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance, respectively. In case of violation through regression equality test before analysis, repeated measure ANOVA was performed. Results: Analysis of covariance using pre-test score as covariate showed that the tension, the depression, the fatigue, the confusion, and the total mood disturbance levels increased significantly after weight reduction while the vigor, the lean body mass, and glucose level decreased. No change was found in the blood pressure, the heart rate, and the percent body fat. Conclusion: It was concluded that short-term rapid weight reduction has negative impact on psychological and physiological states in high school Judo athletes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare explicit learning strategy where implicit component minimized with implicit learning strategy on the performance and learning of a badminton serve. Methods: Thirty-six middle school students whose age ranged from 13 to 14 years, with a mean age of 13.87 years participated in this study. They were randomly assigned into one of three experiment groups: (1) explicit learning, (2) implicit learning, and (3) control group. All participant had no previous experience in badminton. Task was to serve a badminton shuttlecock from service line to a target placed on the opposite side of court. For acquisition, retention and relay retention, separate 3 x 4 (group x trial block), 3 x 2 (group x trial block), and 3 x 2 (group x trial block) ANOVAs with repeated measures on the last factor was conducted for absolute, variable and constant error on service performance. Results: The results of this investigation revealed that participants in the implicit learning group outperformed the explicit learning group on accuracy and consistency during the acquisition, retention and delayed retention phases. The findings indicated that implicit learning strategy may have more potentials for helping learners while motor skill learning than that of explicit learning strategy.

Purpose: To investigate the difference of utilizing advanced visual cues on baseball expertise and pitching timing. Methods: In the first experiment, a total of 12 subjects (6 experts, 6 novices) participated to examine the ability of utilizing advanced visual cues. All participants performed real batting simulation tasks from watching pitching video clips. At this time, they all wore eye tracking system to analyse visual fixation location. In the second experiment, visual occlusion techniques(progressive & moving window) were used to measure anticipation accuracy of advanced visual cues. A total of 20 participants (10 experts, 10 novices) were asked to anticipate pitcher’s ball types (fast ball, slider, curve). Results: First, in the stretch phase, the area of right shoulder and hand/ball were different according to expertise. In the power position phase, the group showed difference in the trunk, left shoulder, hand/ball, background/middle and right side of the head area. Moreover, in the release phase, the area of trunk, right shoulder, right arm, hand/hall, background/middle and right side of the head, and release were significantly different. Second, in the experiment of utilizing progressive visual occlusion technique, the anticipation accuracy were significantly different from t2 to t5. However, from utilizing the moving window occlusion technique, experts demonstrated higher anticipation accuracy in all events(t1~t3). Conclusion: Experts utilize peripheral vision with low visual search strategy to pick-up useful information, such as ‘visual pivot’ phenomenon. Therefore, they are using ‘contextual control strategy’, in which gathering visual informations around background areas.